Variable condenser



1,626,537 Aprxl 2651927- B, JmoTKA VARIABLE CONDENSER Filed April l5, 1926 lll Patented Apr. 26, 1927.

UNITED STATES,

Y' teaser PATENT OFFICE.

BOHUMIL JIROTKA, QF BERLIN, GERMIANY, ABSIGNOR SPRENGER, PATENTVEBWERTUNG JIROTKA MIT-BESCHBNXTEB HAFTUNG, 0F

VADUZ, LICHTENSTETN.

".r y:ma man, na. vor'ro VARIABLE coNDENsEa.

Application led April 15, 1926, Serial No.

rlChe object of the present invention is a variable condenser, the essential characteristie ol which consists in that one plate of the condenser is formed by a movable body contained within a tubular vessel which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis, while the other .plate is formedv on the external `surface ot the tubular vessel. The movable body within the tubular vessel may consist either or" a conducting liquid, for example, mercury or an electrol te, or of small solid lbodies which are con uctors, for example, carbon or metal pellets, which partly lill the tubular vessel. The outer plate may be formed of metal, for example, of a coating of tin-foil or silver and so yforth.

v The hollow vessel containing the movable body may be formed as a double-walled container, in which the movable body is located between the two walls, or as a container with unequal thickness of the walls.

Several of these condensers can be assembled together to form a battery, the elements of which can be rotated either separately or simultaneously. I

In the drawings several constructional examples of the invention are represented:

yFig. 1 shows a partly sectional longitudinal elevationof a tubular condenser.

Fig. 2 a similar view of a double-walled tubular condenser. l g

Figui?, battery of condensers in crossU section,A and,

Fig. 1 in end elevation.

Fig, 5 isa cross section corresponding to Fig. 1. l

'Fig 6 a cross section corresponding to Fig.

Fig. 7 shows a tubular condenserhaving an unequal thickness-df wall.

Referring to the drawings,Figs. 1 and 5 show a hollow tubular glass vessel which containsfa `conducting liquid 8, and `which is .provided externally over about half its surface 'with a conducting coating 9 of metal.

Thetubularpglass vessel 1 ends in th'e necks 3,' 4, which are sealed at the ends. The pins 3, 4, are located within hollow metal sleeves 5, 6 which are cemented in place. The metal sleeve 5 is connected with an' electrode 7, which is continually in contact with theconducting liquid 8. The cap 6 ontheother hand is connected with the outer coating 9. 4

102,271, and in GermanyApril 25, 1925.

The glass vessel 1 serves as the dielectric and as the support for the conducting layers.

If now, for example, the glass vessel, which is rotatably mounted in the su ports 2, is rotated, the Ipart/"provided witi the conductin coating 29 changes its position with relation to the conducting liquid 8 with- 1n and the capacity/becomes smaller. By the rotation of the vessel 1 the capacity can be varied as desired. The rotation can be effected, for example, by means of a handle 10, or in some other manner.

Instead of the conducting liquid 8, solid movable bodies, for example, fragments of carbon or metal pellets, metal scrzp or strips and so forth can also be provi in the glass vessel 1. The latter can further be exhausted of air or filled with gas. f In the. constructional form according to Figs-2 and 6, the variable condenser con siste-of two glass` vessels 11 and 12. The inner vesselO 12 serves only as a packing vessel and is provided so4 that the inner, conductor body 6 is not too large in quantity or weight, which is the chief vobjection when heavy conducting liquids, for example, mercury or such like conductor bodies are used. In this construction the conducting liquid or such-like conductor body is located only between the walls of the vessels 11 and 12 and `reaches up to the electrode 7.

In Figs. 3 and 4 several single condensers 13, which cont-ain a conducting liquid 8 or such-like movable body,'and which are provided externalhf/ with a conductor coating 14, are so assembled as a battery, that they can be regulated either singly or simultaneously by simple rotation. In Fig. 4, 15 denotes the `handles of the separate condensers 13, their respective scales 16 being located above. The condensers 13 are mounted in a common container 17, which may enclose the condensers as av casing. By means'of the container 17 the assembled con,-

densers can all be rotated together, forv which purposewthe common scale 18 is -provided whilst Vthe condensers 13 can`also`, be rotated separately and independently of oneanother by means of the handles 15.

Fi 7 is a section through a hollow vessel I 19, t e capacity of which 'can be regulated, that is to say, varied, by the variation ot the dielectric. The hollow, vessel 1s provided for this purpose with a wall of unequal thickness. If the vessel 19 is rotated so that vthe thicker part of the Wall comes underneath, the capacity is smaller, whilst, if the thinner part of the wallis underneath the capacity is greater. The hollow vessel 19 may in this case be made of glass and be provided over itsfwhole outer surface with a conductor coating 2l. 20 is a filling of loose carbon or metal pellets.

I claim:

l. A variable condenser comprising a ves sel partially filled with a conducting liquid and having closedv ends terminating mto necks, an electrode passed through one of said necks and submerged in said conductingliqud and a metallic coating for a predetermined portion of the exterior surface of said vessel.

2. A variablecondenser comprising a vessel partially filled with a conducting liquid and having closed ends terminating into necks, a metal sleeve on each neck, an electrode submerged in said conducting liquid and connected to one of said sleeves, a metallic coating for the vessel and electrically connected to the other of said sleeves, and a.

pair of posts rotatably supporting said sleeves. i

3. A variable condenser com rising a vessel partially filled with a con ucting liquid and having closed/ends terminating into necks, a metal sleeve on each neck, an electrode submerged in said conducting liquid and connected to one of said sleeves, a metallic coating for the vessel and electrically connected to the other of said sleeves, a pair of osts rotatably supporting saidV sleeves, an meansin said vessel for determining the depth and distribution of said conducting liquid.

4. A variable condenser comprising a vessel partially filled with a conducting liquid and having closed ends terminating into necks, an electrode passed through one of said necks und submerged in said conducting liquid, a metallic coating for the predetermined portion of the exterior surface of said vessel, and a second vessel submerged in said conducting liquid for controlling the depth and distribution of the conducting liquid.

In witness wheref I have hereunto set my hand.

BOHUMIL JIROTKA. 

